How to Write Career Goals Essay Samples?

How to Write Career Goals Essay Samples?If you are looking for career goals essay samples, then you are in the right place. These are some easy to follow examples that will help you in writing the best career goal. All you need to do is to find a way to write a career goal. The best ones are those that are simple to understand and there are no confusing concepts involved in the process.It is one thing to find a way to write a career goals essay but it is another thing to write the best possible ones. Writing a good career goal does not necessarily mean you will be able to meet all your requirements as you know in the case of any goal. You have to look at the details that matter most to you and set down all these details in a career goal that will surely meet your needs. It is the proper execution of your career goals that counts. For example, if you are very ambitious and want to be a bank manager or you want to achieve the ultimate career objective, then you should try and write you r career goal as such.The best career goals must contain all the information about the career that you want to have. It must be such that it becomes clear when you have to apply and it must be tailored to fit the criteria of your job. The best career goals should be both in written and verbal form and the question of how to write a career goal should be fully understood.One easy way to write a career goal is by writing an outline first. The outline will help you in understanding what is important and what needs to be changed. The next step is to draw up the career goals with the help of a pen or pencil. This way you will not have to do all the writing yourself and you can concentrate on the finer aspects of the career goal. The examples given in these examples can also help you in getting into the correct mindset of writing a career goal.Another thing that helps in writing career goals is to take out a piece of paper and write down all the milestones that are important to you. This will help you in building your career path. By following the example given, you will be able to see that you are constantly creating new milestones that will lead you to the final goal. This way, your career goal will be effective and productive. After this, you will have all the necessary elements to write your best career goal.One other way of writing career goals is by making it chronological. The tips given in these examples are chronological and they will help you in writing the most vital milestones. Write the career goals according to your life. This way, you will be able to create a timeline of your life and when you reach the milestones in your life, you will automatically have written down the career goals.These are some tips for writing career goals that will help you in writing the best possible career goals. So, don't forget to get all the help that you need to write the best career goals that will actually lead you to the success.

Adolescent Depression Essay 3 - 1549 Words

Adolescent Depression Depression is something that I really have had no experience with in my life. Personally, I might have thought about killing myself figuratively at one specific point in my life. I thought about what the consequences would be and how it would effect the people who surround me in my life. As soon as these thoughts raced through my mind, I quickly realized that suicide is the wrong way to deal with life. I know that depression plays an essential role when dealing with suicide. There are three main depressive orders: Major Depressive Disorder, Dysthymia, and Bipolar Disorder. Major depression is manifested by a combination of symptoms (see symptom list) that interfere with the ability to work, study, sleep,†¦show more content†¦Individual factors are things such as peer pressure, family issues, economic problems, or medical problems. From my experience, peer pressure or fitting in, is the single most prevalent problem among adolescents today. This seems to be because the demands on today s adolescents are more complex than they used to be for previous generations. Many of today s youth fail to have a source of guidance and love, whether it is a family, role model, or even a group of friends. To help adolescents deal with peer pressure one could provide opportunities for success such as joining a group that encourage and value the individual. Another way to help the individual would be to focus on the positive by praising their accomplishments. Preparing adolescents with alternatives such as discussing ways to resist peer pressure and thinking for themselves are good ways to help them cope. When dealing with the topic of depression, many times it s because the adolescent doesn t fit in nor have any friends to help him/her with their problem. Peers are necessary for normal social development and can be an ef fective role model as well. In many cases, ones self concept is influenced by how he/she is viewed by their peers. The concept of self is a big factor of why adolescents fall under the disorder of depression. When dealing with the idea of treatment, the first thing that all patients should do is to seek out a physical examination by aShow MoreRelatedWhat Aspects of Depression are show in Children, Adolescents, and Adulthood?1511 Words   |  7 Pagescycle throughout life. Individuals describe depression as a state of sadness and confusion that humans face, but in reality depression impacts much more than one’s mood or behavior. I strongly believe depression is a mental health disorder, one in which people of society need to take more serious. I have been struggling with depression for quite a few years, as well as, witnessing close family members and friends who also face the daily challenges depression brings alone. It is hard to read the newsRead MoreThe Causes of Adol escent Depression1189 Words   |  5 Pagesclinical depression† (â€Å"Safe Teens†). Do you know someone who suffers from teenage depression, or maybe a friend or family member? Or maybe you, yourself, may suffer from teenage depression. Well you are not alone. Many teens in America, as well as the rest of the world, are affected by teenage depression. Depression is an effect for many teens, with many causes. As a result, there are three major causes for teenage depression such as: Genetics, Environment, and Unhealthy Habits. In this essay, I willRead MoreNew York : Meredith Books1185 Words   |  5 Pagesboth victims and perpetrators, and detail school-and home –based strategies for preventing cyberbullying and healing those affected by the phenomenon. 3. Subrahmanyam, Kaveri, and Patricia Greenfield. â€Å"Online Communication and Adolescent Relationships†.The Future of Children 18.1 (2008): 119–146. The purpose of this article is to examine adolescents’ relationship with friend, romance partners, strangers, and their family in the context of their online communication activities. 4. Hinduja, SK, PatchinRead MoreThe Socio Economic Factors Of Teenage Pregnancy1517 Words   |  7 Pageseconomic factors of teenage pregnancy and discuss how it affects the mental health of an adolescent mother in New Zealand. This essay will commence by identifying how a lack of education is considered as a socio economic factor associated with teenage pregnancy, followed by the second theme which will consist of economic circumstances such as, parental unemployment and welfare dependency. Lastly, this essay will discuss how deficiency of support from family and friends lead to unstable relationshipsRead MoreCbt and Depression1279 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will review the literature on the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT). Cognitive Behavioural Therapy was developed by Aaron Beck in the early 1960s and originally it was defined as cognitive therapy (CT). According to Beck (1967, 1976) cognitive therapy is a time restricted but structured approach, which is used effectively in treatment of many different mental illnesses. Despite the fact that the literature covers this therapy in a variety of contexts, this paper willRead MoreAdolescence : A Social And Cultural Construct1639 Words   |  7 Pagessignificant models of psychosocial development was created by Erikson (1963) and the stage related to adolescents is known as the â€Å"Identity vs. Role-Diffusion†, where the one is in constant pursuit of a coherent sense of self during the teenage years. When the teenager is unable to put together aspects of themselves they experience role-diffusion. Later on Elkind (1967) introduced his theory of adolescent egocentrism, explaining the increase in preoccupation with oneself during the teenage years. KohlbergRead MoreThe Factors Of Teenage Pregnancy1558 Words   |  7 Pagessocioeconomic factors of teenage pregnancy and discuss how it affects the mental health of an adolescent mother in New Zealand. This essay will commence by ide ntifying how a lack of education is considered as a socioeconomic factor associated with teenage pregnancy, followed by the second theme which will consist of economic circumstances such as, parental unemployment and welfare dependency. Lastly, this essay will discuss how deficiency of support from family and friends leads to unstable relationshipsRead MoreDrug Abuse And Adolescent Risky Behavior884 Words   |  4 Pagesaddictions begin with risk taking. So, why is it that adolescents have such an attraction to risky behaviors? According to Broderick (2013), adolescents have a high propensity for sensation seeking (novel experiences) and seem to be willing to put themselves at risk in order to have these novel experiences (p. 392). This essay will attempt to discuss how the brain is developing, being impacted, and, how spiritual development effects adolescent risky behavior. Risky behaviors can include any behaviorRead MoreEssay about Does Social Isolation Adversely Affect Health1168 Words   |  5 Pagestime human are social and dependent on others who are relative or neighbor for interaction and helping the counterpart. Due to this social behavior of human they develop different relationships among themselves like friends, spouse, fiancà ©e etc. This essay will argue that when a human is separated from his society it will adversely affect his physical, mental and behavioral patterns. The first adverse effect of social isolation on human being is on physical health. House et al 1988 found and describedRead MoreThe Moral Justification For Contraceptive Provision Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesThe moral justification for contraceptive provision to Adolescents Introduction The regulation of adolescent fertility and pregnancy prevention forms one of the top priority issues in modern society. Globally there are more than 15 million girls between the ages of 15 and 19 who give birth every year, with an additional 5 million who have abortions (WHO, 2012). In South Africa alone approximately 5.6% of females aged 14-19 fell pregnant in the year of 2013. To put this into perspective it means

Leadership and Learning Challenges to Sustaining Momentum

Question: Discuss about the Leadership and Learning Challenges to Sustaining Momentum. Answer: Introduction: Organisational Learning is defined as the field in which the academic research as well as the practice in profession field is developed with a relative updated structure (Drupsteen Guldenmund, 2014). Cyat and March first develop the organisational learning formulated the theory of behavior in a firm or an organisation. The experience gain by the companies helps them to adapt in the environment and situational conditions where challenges are maximum. Two years from the introduction of the first theory, Canglesoi and Dill involved in publishing an article named Organisational Learning: Observation towards a theory. According to me, the organisational learning in the viewpoint of academic research is the study of processes of learning in an organisation. Organisational learning is therefore a process, which is based on learning of an individual with the help of private as well as public organisation responsible for creating and gaining knowledge in order to get accustomed to the enviro nment and the situative conditions (Matthews, MacCarthy Braiziotois, 2017). The interconnectivity is growing within the organisation and it is becoming intense day to day. Therefore, the effect of organisational learning is also increasing, as many of the organisations are training their employees on this sector. The level of complexity is increasing or the running business of various companies therefore all the organisations are striving for the best possible framework that could be attainable by the organisations. The competitiveness in the market bounds the organisations to transform the learning organisation in order to sustain in the competitive market. Therefore, I think this aversive situation led the organisations to formulate an innovative strategy for enhancing the environment of learning (Hu, Williams Mason, 2016). According to my opinion this processes are also becoming effective as they are providing adequate inspirations to the organisations for innovating strategy at every level of organisations. I think the process of learning facilitate the organisation by structuring a generous culture and high level of trust within the organisation. If the company succeeds in creating, an environment that would facilitates the learning in a contemporary and technology oriented way then I think that the organisation would attain certain benefits (Hu, Williams Mason, 2016). According to my point of view, learning organisation should be encouraged as it helps the employees of the organisation to promote teamwork and help the organisation to attain benefits. Ideal Learning Organisation is defined as the organisation that helps in analyzing in the best possible way and helps in developing the strategies that helps in overcoming certain barriers and the set of goals is been achieved by overcoming those barriers using the appropriate strategies. The organisation, which focuses on ideal learning, is an educational organisation in my point of view because in these organisations the employees have the scope to gain the new skills with the he lp of learning. Ideal organisations are also responsible for the change in behavior, gaining and interpreting skills of the employees (Sessa London, 2015). All this skills are increased in an ideal organisation. The various characteristics of an ideal organisation make them different from the traditional organisation. The invention of System thinking is one of the significant steps taken by ideal organisation. It involves all the employees in the organisation to acquire the knowledge of the function regarding the consequences of all the actions taken by organisations. The indicator for a learning organization is measured in terms of knowledge. Organisational learning takes place when there is a certain transformation in the field of knowledge of an organisation. The measurement of organisational knowledge is done in variety ways by researcher. The process involving the collection, knowledge spreading and development that enables the employees of an organization to learn is known as knowledge management (Hislop, 2013). The nature of knowledge is heterogeneous and the data, information is related from different field to construct a knowledge management environment. Knowledge could be differentiated into Explicit and Tacit Knowledge. Explicit Knowledge could easily be transfer and is factual. The medium of verbal, written or by coding is been adopted for the transfer of knowledge. The research work suggested that Toyota follows the explicit knowledge policy in transferring the knowledge. Explicit knowledge highlights the steps required to perform for the completion of a job. It also gives information about the time span of each work. It gives a vivid description about the steps that each employee needs to follow (Schoenherr, Griffith Chadra, 2016). Tacit knowledge is difficult to transfer. It is basically a personal type knowledge that could not be transfer using the medium of writing and verbal communication. The learning process is gained mostly through experience. The transfer of Tacit Knowledge is therefore difficult to transfer, as it is too difficult for coding (Schoenherr, Griffith Chadra, 2016). The only way of transferring the knowledge is by practicing and gaining experience. The organisational learning is responsible for tracking the changes that take place in organisation as it helps in gaining knowledge and experience. The computation of Organisational learning is done by creating, retaining and transferring the knowledge that is to be quantified. According to my point of view, the most general and adaptable ways of computing the organisational learning is the detailed organisational learning curve that demonstrates the effects of the curve that has been drawn by taking consideration the data that has been provided by the organisation. Learning curves helps in measuring the pace of relative learning to the metric of experience (Jaber, 2016). The three factors that affect the pace are the increase in proficiency of an individual, technology of the organisation improved, and the structure of the organisation is improved. The benefits of organisation learning are seen when the company faces several challenges in their business. As the company is facing day-to-day changes in technology due to the advancement of technology the organisations adopted new strategies that could be troublesome for the employees. Therefore, if the employees are been provided with learning organizations it could be easy for them to be accustomed with the environment of the business. The organisational learning ensures the strategic co-ordination is maintained between the allocated resource, goals of the organisation, objectives and needs of the customer (Hu, Williams Mason, 2016). The training provided by the organisations is regarded as the waste of money and time for the company. Organisational Learning helps in providing the alternative strategies for the employees to gain knowledge. This makes the company to pay a low cost for the training. The organisational learning also provides the space for learning individually and personal development. It supports enquiry that raised the motivation of the employees to work together in a good working environment (Hu, Williams Mason, 2016). It also provides benefit by integration of team learning as working in a team helps in uplifting good group work and team spirit is raised. It helps in retaining people and enables learning by sharing. Organizational learning is growing excessively and many multinational companies had adapted this strategy for achieving benefit and promoting the employees by giving them more confidence for working efficiently and effectively. Learning is defined as the competitive advantages and benefit achieved by the organization. I particular disagree this point from the view that organization learning is those interests that are been taken mainly into consideration and are being served. The restrictions faced by the learning organization are the organization is being a frame of learning (Senge, 2014). The dominant role played by the managers towards the sub-ordinate is discouraging for the sub-ordinates. The employees plays the role of sub-ordinate, who are been differentiated as the learner having deficit of the knowledge (Senge, 2014). Though there is some limitations in the organization learning but it also leads to the growth of the organization. The growth is achieved by continuous improve ment in the environment of project learning. Learning organizations helps in providing a good environment so that the employees have the freedom of working. This step helps in the growth of the employees with quality working and benefits the organizations to reach a certain goal. Organizational learning helps in innovating the concept of knowledge and the direction of it. It promotes creativity and gives the space for the employees to come up with innovative ideas (Sujan Furniss, 2015). It gives value to the ideas provided by every employee. In my opinion this leads to the satisfaction of the employee as they are been valued by the company and the company becomes rich in opinions. Organizational learning has become the most important strategy for gaining success in business. The organizations wanting to incorporate the concept of learning organization requires a strategy that defines the goal as well as the objectives with a set of target. The establishment of these goals and objectives is followed by the implementation of the strategic tools that is been set up by the organizations. The gaining of strategic advantages is not that easy in the current climatic situation of the business (Roathermal, 2015). The implementation of the strategies of organizational learning helps in spreading the knowledge in the entire organization. In my view point Organizational learning should be incorporated for the increasing the competencies among the employees and achieving skill as well as capabilities. According to theory of Donald Schon and Chris Argvris the theoretical work still finds a impact in organizational learning. We can observe the theories of professional learning and the process of learning in an organization. He wished to compute the level of business extent by inventing Learning systems. Both of the theory makers worked on learning systems and gave a perfect implementing way that shows the leadership quality they had in them (Moon, 2013). Chris Argvris in his individual research work focused on the organizational structure and the behavior of the superior. When both of them worked together again they analyzed on the concepts of governing of variables, strategic action and the consequences of those actions (Moon, 2013). Governing of variables limited the proportions within which the individuals should perform and strategic actions are taken to keep the governing of variables within a range that is acceptable. In my opinion Organizational learning has capture the business market and is growing famous globally. Therefore, all the organizations should apply this strategy to gain competitive advantages over the rival company. The present views shows that all the organizations are following this strategy but not every organization are gaining benefits from it. The difference lies in the implementing ways of the different organization. Therefore, each business should apply the organizational way with a correct strategy and with a good strategic resource. Reference List Chaudoir, S. R., Dugan, A. G., Barr, C. H. (2013). Measuring factors affecting implementation of health innovations: a systematic review of structural, organizational, provider, patient, and innovation level measures. Implementation Science, 8(1), 1. Drupsteen, L., Guldenmund, F. W. (2014). What is learning? A review of the safety literature to define learning from incidents, accidents and disasters. Journal of Contingencies and Crisis Management, 22(2), 81-96. Hislop, D. (2013). Knowledge management in organizations: A critical introduction. Oxford University Press. Hu, Q., Found, P., Williams, S., Mason, R. (2016). Lean Thinking and Organisational Learning: How Can They Facilitate Each Other?. In Understanding the Lean Enterprise (pp. 61-77). Springer International Publishing. Jaber, M. Y. (Ed.). (2016). Learning curves: Theory, models, and applications. CRC Press. Matthews, R. L., MacCarthy, B. L., Braziotis, C. (2017). Organisational learning in SMEs: a process improvement perspective. International Journal of Operations and Production Management. Moon, J. A. (2013). Reflection in learning and professional development: Theory and practice. Routledge. Rothaermel, F. T. (2015). Strategic management. McGraw-Hill. Schoenherr, T., Griffith, D. A., Chandra, A. (2014). Knowledge management in supply chains: The role of explicit and tacit knowledge. Journal of Business Logistics, 35(2), 121-135. Senge, P. M. (2014). The dance of change: The challenges to sustaining momentum in a learning organization. Crown Business. Sessa, V. I., London, M. (2015). Continuous learning in organizations: Individual, group, and organizational perspectives. Psychology Press. Sujan, M., Furniss, D. (2015). Organisational reporting and learning systems: Innovating inside and outside of the box. Clinical risk, 21(1), 7-12.

Battle of Britain - World War II

Battle of Britain - World War II Battle of Britain: Conflict Dates The Battle of Britain was fought July 10 to late October 1940, during World War II. Commanders Royal Air Force Air Chief Marshal Hugh DowdingAir Vice Marshal Keith ParkAir Vice Marshal Trafford Leigh-MalloryLuftwaffeReichsmarschall Hermann GÃ ¶ringField Marshal Albert KesselringField Marshal Hugo SperrleGeneraloberst Hans-JÃ ¼rgen Stumpff Battle of Britain: Background With the fall of France in June 1940, Britain alone was left to face the growing power of Nazi Germany. Though much of the British Expeditionary Force had been successfully evacuated from Dunkirk, it had been compelled to leave much of its heavy equipment behind. Not relishing the idea of having to invade Britain, Adolph Hitler initially hoped that Britain would sue for a negotiated peace. This hope quickly eroded as new Prime Minister Winston Churchill reasserted Britains commitment to fight on to the end. Reacting to this, Hitler ordered on July 16 that preparations begin for the invasion of Great Britain. Dubbed Operation Sea Lion, this plan called for an invasion to take place in August. As the Kriegsmarine had been badly reduced in earlier campaigns, a key prerequisite for the invasion was the elimination of the Royal Air Force to ensure that the Luftwaffe possessed air superiority over the Channel. With this in hand, the Luftwaffe would be able to hold the Royal Navy at bay as German troops landed in southern England. Battle of Britain: The Luftwaffe Prepares To eliminate the RAF, Hitler turned the chief of the Luftwaffe, Reichsmarschall Hermann GÃ ¶ring. A veteran of World War I, the flamboyant and boastful GÃ ¶ring had ably overseen the Luftwaffe during the early campaigns of the war. For the coming battle, he shifted his forces to bring three Luftflotten (Air Fleets) to bear on Britain. While Field Marshal Albert Kesselring and Field Marshal Hugo Sperrles Luftflotte 2 and 3 flew from the Low Countries and France, Generaloberst Hans-JÃ ¼rgen Stumpffs Luftflotte 5 would attack from bases in Norway. Largely designed to provide aerial support for the German Armys blitzkrieg style of attack, the Luftwaffe was not well-equipped for the type of strategic bombing that would be required in the coming campaign. Though its principal fighter, the Messerschmitt Bf 109, was equal to the best British fighters, the range at which it would be forced to operate limited the time it could spend over Britain. At the start of the battle, the Bf 109 was supported by the twin-engine Messerschmitt Bf 110. Intended as a long range escort fighter, the Bf 110 quickly proved vulnerable to the more nimble British fighters and was a failure in this role. Lacking a four-engine strategic bomber, the Luftwaffe relied on a trio of smaller twin-engine bombers, the Heinkel He 111, Junkers Ju 88, and the aging Dornier Do 17. These were supported by the single-engine Junkers Ju 87 Stuka dive bomber. An effective weapon in the wars early battles, the Stuka ultimately proved highly vulnerable to British fighters and was withdrawn from the fight. Battle of Britain: The Dowding System His Chicks Across the Channel, the aerial defense of Britain was entrusted to the head of Fighter Command, Air Chief Marshal Hugh Dowding. Possessing a prickly personality and nicknamed Stuffy, Dowding had taken over Fighter Command in 1936. Working tirelessly, he had overseen the development of the RAFs two frontline fighters, the Hawker Hurricane and Supermarine Spitfire. While the latter was a match for the BF 109, the former was a bit outclassed but was capable of out-turning the German fighter. Anticipating the need for greater firepower, Dowding had both fighters outfitted with eight machine guns. Highly protective of his pilots, he often referred to them as his chicks. While understanding the need for new advanced fighters, Dowding was also key in recognizing that they could only be employed effectively if they were properly controlled from the ground. To this end, he supported the development of Radio Direction Finding (radar) and the creation of the Chain Home radar network. This new technology was incorporated into his Dowding System which saw the uniting of radar, ground observers, raid plotting, and radio control of aircraft. These disparate components were tied together through a protected telephone network that was administered through his headquarters at RAF Bentley Priory. In addition, to better control his aircraft, he divided the command into four groups to cover all of Britain (Map). These consisted of Air Vice Marshal Sir Quintin Brands 10 Group (Wales and the West Country), Air Vice Marshal Keith Parks 11 Group (Southeastern England), Air Vice Marshal Trafford Leigh-Mallorys 12 Group (Midland East Anglia), and Air Vice Marshal Richard Sauls 13 Group (Northern England, Scotland, Northern Ireland). Though scheduled to retire in June 1939, Dowding was asked to remain in his post until March 1940 due to the deteriorating international situation. His retirement was subsequently postponed until July and then October. Eager to preserve his strength, Dowding had vigorously opposed the sending of Hurricane squadrons across the Channel during the Battle of France. Battle of Britain: German Intelligence Failures As the bulk of Fighter Commands strength had been husbanded in Britain during the earlier fighting, the Luftwaffe had a poor estimate of its strength. As the battle began, GÃ ¶ring believed that the British had between 300-400 fighters when in actuality, Dowding possessed over 700. This led the German commander to believe that Fighter Command could be swept from the skies in four days. While the Luftwaffe was aware of the British radar system and ground control network, it dismissed their importance and believed that they created a inflexible tactical system for the British squadrons. In reality, the system permitted flexibility for squadron commanders to make appropriate decisions based on the most recent data. Battle of Britain: Tactics Based on intelligence estimates, GÃ ¶ring expected to quickly sweep Fighter Command from the skies over southeastern England. This was to be followed by a four-week bombing campaign which would begin with strikes against RAF airfields near the coast and then move progressively inland to hit the larger sector airfields. Additional strikes would target military targets as well as aircraft production facilities. As planning moved forward, the timetable was extended to five weeks from August 8 to September 15. During the course of the battle, a dispute over strategy emerged between Kesselring, who favored direct attacks on London to force the RAF into a decisive battle, and Sperrle who desired continued attacks on the British air defenses. This dispute would simmer without GÃ ¶ring making a clear choice. As the battle began, Hitler issued a directive prohibiting the bombing of London as he feared reprisal strikes against German cities. At Bentley Priory, Dowding decided the best way to utilize his aircraft and pilots was to avoid large scale battles in the air. Knowing that an aerial Trafalgar would allow the Germans to more accurately gauge his strength, he intended to bluff the enemy by attacking in squadron strength. Aware that he was outnumbered and could not completely prevent the bombing of Britain, Dowding sought to inflict an unsustainable rate of loss on the Luftwaffe. To accomplish this, he wanted the Germans to constantly believe that Fighter Command was at the end of its resources to ensure that it kept attacking and taking losses. This was not the most popular course of action and it was not entirely to the Air Ministrys pleasing, but Dowding understood that as long as Fighter Command remained a threat the German invasion could not move forward. In instructing his pilots, he emphasized that they were go after the German bombers and avoid fighter-to-fighter combat when possible. Also, he wished the figh ting to take place over Britain as pilots who were shot down could be quickly recovered and returned to their squadrons. Battle of Britain: Der Kanalkampf Fighting first began on July 10 as the Royal Air Force and Luftwaffe skirmished over the Channel. Dubbed the Kanalkampf or Channel Battles, these engagements saw German Stukas attacking British coastal convoys. Though Dowding would have preferred to halt the convoys rather than waste pilots and planes defending them, he was blocked from above by Churchill and the Royal Navy who refused to symbolically cede control of the Channel. As the fight continued, the Germans introduced their twin-engine bombers which were escorted by Messerschmitt fighters. Due to the proximity of the German airfields to the coast, the fighters of No. 11 Group often did not sufficient warning in order to block these attacks. As a result, Parks fighters were required to conduct patrols which strained both pilots and equipment. The fighting over the Channel provided a training ground for both sides as they prepared for the larger battle to come. During June and July, Fighter Command lost 96 aircraft while downin g 227. Battle of Britain: Adlerangriff The small numbers of British fighters that his aircraft had encountered in July and early August further convinced GÃ ¶ring that Fighter Command was operating with around 300-400 aircraft. Having prepared for a massive aerial offensive, dubbed Adlerangriff (Eagle Attack), he sought four uninterrupted days of clear weather in which to begin it. Some initial attacks began on August 12 which saw German aircraft cause minor damage to several coastal airfields as well as attack four radar stations. Attempting to hit the tall radar towers rather than the more important plotting huts and operations centers, the strikes did little lasting damage. In the bombing, the radar plotters from the Womens Auxiliary Air Force (WAAF) proved their mettle as they continued working with bombs bursting nearby. British fighters downed 31 Germans for a loss of 22 of their own. Believing that they had caused significant damage on August 12, the Germans began their offensive the next day, which was dubbed Adler Tag (Eagle Day). Beginning with a series of muddled attacks in the morning due to confused orders, the afternoon saw larger raids strike a variety of targets across southern Britain, but inflict little lasting damage. Raids continued on and off the next day, opposed in squadron strength by Fighter Command. For August 15, the Germans planned their largest attack to date, with Luftflotte 5 attacking targets in northern Britain, while Kesselring and Sperrle assaulted the south. This plan was based on the incorrect belief that No. 12 Group had been feeding reinforcements south over the preceding days and could be prevented from doing so by attacking the Midlands. Detected while far out at sea, the aircraft of Luftflotte 5 were essentially unescorted as the flight from Norway precluded using Bf 109s as escorts. Assaulted by fighters from No. 13 Group, the attackers were turned back with heavy losses and accomplished little of consequence. Luftflotte 5 would not play a further role in the battle. In the south, RAF airfields were hit hard taking varying degrees of damage. Flying sortie after sortie, Parks men, supported by No. 12 Group, struggled to meet the threat. In the course of the fighting, German aircraft accidently struck RAF Croydon in London, killing over 70 civilians in the process and enraging Hitler. When the day ended, Fighter Command had downed 75 Germans in exchange for 34 aircraft and 18 pilots. Heavy German raids continued the next day with weather largely halting operations on the 17th. Resuming on August 18, the fighting saw both sides take their highest losses of the battle (British 26 [10 pilots], German 71). Dubbed the Hardest Day, the 18th saw massive raids hit the sector airfields at Biggin Hill and Kenley. In both cases, the damage proved temporary and operations were not dramatically affected. Battle of Britain: A Change in Approach In the wake of the August 18 attacks, it became clear that GÃ ¶rings promise to Hitler to quickly sweep aside the RAF would not be fulfilled. As a result, Operation Sea Lion was postponed until September 17. Also, due to the high losses taken on the 18th, the Ju 87 Stuka was withdrawn from the battle and the role of the Bf 110 reduced. Future raids were to focus on Fighter Command airfields and factories at the exclusion of everything else, including the radar stations. In addition, German fighters were ordered to tightly escort the bombers rather than conducting sweeps. Battle of Britain: Dissention in the Ranks During the course of the fighting a debate emerged between Park and Leigh-Mallory regarding tactics. While Park favored Dowdings method of intercepting raids with individual squadrons and subjecting them to continued attack, Leigh-Mallory advocated for massed attacks by Big Wings consisting of at least three squadrons. The thought behind the Big Wing was that a larger number of fighters would increase enemy losses while minimizing RAF casualties. Opponents pointed out that it took longer for Big Wings to form and increased the danger of fighters being caught on the ground re-fueling. Dowding proved unable to resolve the differences between his commanders, as he preferred Parks methods while the Air Ministry favored the Big Wing approach. This issue was worsened by personal issues between Park and Leigh-Mallory in regard to No. 12 Group supporting No. 11 Group. Battle of Britain: The Fighting Continues The renewed German attacks soon began with factories being hit on August 23 and 24. On the latter evening, parts of Londons East End were hit, possibly by accident. In reprisal, RAF bombers struck Berlin on the night August 25/26. This greatly embarrassed GÃ ¶ring who had previously boasted that the city would never be attacked. Over the next two weeks, Parks group was severely pressed as Kesselrings aircraft conducted 24 heavy raids against their airfields. While British aircraft production and repair, overseen by Lord Beaverbrook, was keeping pace with losses, Dowding soon began to face a crisis regarding pilots. This was alleviated by transfers from other branches of service as well as the activation of Czech, French, and Polish squadrons. Fighting for their occupied homes, these foreign pilots proved highly effective. They were joined by individual pilots from throughout the Commonwealth, as well as the United States. The critical phase of the battle, Parks men struggled to keep their fields operational as losses mounted in the air and on the ground. September 1 saw the one day during the fighting where British losses exceeded the Germans. In addition, German bombers began targeting London and other cities in early September as retribution for continued raids on Berlin. On September 3, GÃ ¶ring began planning daily raids on London. Despite their best efforts, the Germans were unable to eliminate Fighter Commands presence in the skies over southeastern England. While Parks airfields remained operable, an overestimation of German strength led some to conclude that another two weeks of similar attacks might force No. 11 Group to fall back. Battle of Britain: A Key Change On September 5, Hitler issued orders that London and other British cities be attacked without mercy. This signaled a key strategic change as the Luftwaffe ceased hitting the beleaguered airfields and focused on the cities. Giving Fighter Command a chance to recover, Dowdings men were able to make repairs and prepare for the next onslaught. On September 7, nearly 400 bombers attacked the East End. While Parks men engaged the bombers, No. 12 Groups first official Big Wing missed the fight as it took too long to form up. Eight days later, the Luftwaffe attacked in force with two massive raids. These were met by Fighter Command and decisively defeated with 60 German aircraft downed against 26 British. With the Luftwaffe having sustained massive losses in the previous two months, Hitler was forced to indefinitely postpone Operation Sea Lion on September 17. With their squadrons depleted, GÃ ¶ring oversaw a switch from daytime to nighttime bombing. Regular daytime bombing began to cease i n October though the worst of the Blitz was to begin later that autumn. Battle of Britain: Aftermath As the raids began to dissipate and autumn storms started to plague the Channel, it became clear that the threat of invasion had been averted. This was reinforced by intelligence showing that the German invasion barges which had been gathered in the Channel ports were being dispersed. The first significant defeat for Hitler, the Battle of Britain ensured that Britain would continue the fight against Germany. A boost for Allied morale, the victory helped cause a shift in international opinion in favor of their cause. In the fighting, the British lost 1,547 aircraft with 544 killed. Luftwaffe losses totaled 1,887 aircraft and 2,698 killed. During the battle, Dowding was criticized by Vice Marshal William Sholto Douglas, Assistant Chief of Air Staff, and Leigh-Mallory for being too cautious. Both men felt that Fighter Command should be intercepting raids before they reached Britain. Dowding dismissed this approach as he believed it would increase losses in aircrew. Though Dowdings approach and tactics proved correct for achieving victory, he was increasingly seen as uncooperative and difficult by his superiors. With the appointment of Air Chief Marshal Charles Portal, Dowding was removed from Fighter Command in November 1940, shortly after winning the battle. As an ally of Dowding, Park was also removed and reassigned with Leigh-Mallory taking over No. 11 Group. Despite the political infighting that plagued the RAF following the battle, Winston Churchill accurately summarized the contribution of Dowdings chicks in an address to the House of Commons during the height of the fighting by stating, Never in the field of huma n conflict was so much owed by so many to so few. Selected Sources Royal Air Force: The Battle of BritainImperial War Museum: Battle of BritainKorda, Michael. (2009). With Wings Like Eagles: A History of the Battle of Britain. New York: HarperCollins

Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) Essays

Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) Essays Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) Essay Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) Essay Background This papers is a guideline set out by the Medicines and Healthcare merchandises Regulatory Agency ( MHRA ) which is the authorities bureau which is responsible for doing certain medical specialties and medical devices are tolerably safe. The guideline is titled amp ; lsquo ; Managing Medical Devices it replaces the old MHRA guidelines published in DB 9801 A ; lsquo ; Medical Device and Equipment Management for Hospital and Community Based Organisations . These guidelines were formed due to the big sum of incident studies that the MHRA received affecting hurts due to inadequately maintained medical devices. The medical devices ordinance truly started in the mid 1990s when the section of wellness was set up, to better the safety of medical equipment. The Medicines and Healthcare merchandises Regulatory Agency ( MHRA ) was set up in 2003 conveying together the Medicines Control Agency ( MCA ) and the Medical Devices Agency ( MDA ) . The MHRA is a good established, dependable and indifferent beginning and are acknowledged as experts in the safety of medical devices. It is indispensable that Trust s meet appropriate criterions of safety, quality and public presentation, following with all relevant directives set out by the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency ( MHRA ) , National Audit Office and the NHS Litigation Authority Risk Management Standards. It is the duty of Trust s and all their employees within the Trust to guarantee that medical devices are deployed, monitored and controlled in such a mode that all hazards associated with their acquisition and usage are minimized. Introduction In this Critical rating I am looking to place whether the MHRA s DB 2006 ( 05 ) is still a relevant and current papers. Some of the inquiries I will be looking at are. Make the guidelines go far plenty? Are they excessively demanding? What challenges have administrations faced implementing the recommendations? Do modern developments make the counsel obsolete in any manner? From this papers direction procedures should be improved by the greater handiness of information, which will increase the betterment of direction and monitoring of medical devices and in bend will, A ; middot ; Improve safety in the bringing of attention to patients ; A ; middot ; Improve safety for the staff utilizing the equipment ; A ; middot ; better control and use of valuable resources ; A ; middot ; Improve conformity with statute law and criterions ; and A ; middot ; reduced costs. This policy relates to all medical devices irrespective of whether purchased, leased, loaned on test or donated. Examples of medical devices as set out in MHRA counsel DB2006 ( 05 ) Table 1 The DB2006 ( 05 ) did travel far plenty in 2006 but as with all engineerings, medical engineering and processs are ever bettering and accommodating and due to this I think the certification to back up this besides needs to be reviewed and updated. Following this the MHRA provinces that, A ; lsquo ; As good as runing the current regulative system, the MHRA works to act upon the form of future ordinance. As new engineerings, such as tissue technology and genetic sciences start to offer new intervention possibilities, the Agency is assisting to plan and implement new precautions, normally through new EU statute law. ( MHRA, 2008 ) The DB2006 ( 05 ) was a good papers when it was foremost published as there was no other like it, it covered all the cardinal countries of medical devices support. This brought together best pattern in all countries to supply infirmaries and community based administrations counsel in how they should be supplying a service. Before the DB2006 ( 05 ) there was really small counsel to follow within this field. The DB2006 ( 05 ) talks a batch about bettering communicating and recordkeeping and about ownership and duty these are cardinal things that should be followed in all administrations and sections. Besides it mentions about audit and monitoring these are to do certain people are cognizant if they are non following the trust policies of processs right and how they can better in the hereafter besides it gives grounds that best pattern is being followed. The papers might be easier to follow by some larger trust but some of the smaller or less established trust might non hold the construction or resources to be able to implement the alterations to pattern. But all trusts can take something from the DB2006 ( 05 ) to enable them to better their service within their medical devices direction policies. Literature hunt I looked for any literature to back up Interviews I spoke to Decision From my findings I believe that the guidelines set out by the MHRA in DB2006 ( 05 ) are still relevant but are perchance due a alteration because, Plants Cited MHRA. ( November 2006 ) . DB2006 ( 05 ) . MHRA. Appendixs Legislation Duties Legislation which is relevant to the usage of medical devices includes: Consumer Protection Act 1987 ( Consumer Safety and Product Liability ) Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1999 Electricity at Work Regulations 1989 Electrical Equipment ( Safety ) Regulations 1994 Employers Liability ( Compulsory Insurance ) Act 1969 General Product Safety Regulations 2005 Health and Safety at Work Act ( HASAWA ) 1974 In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Devices Regulations Ionizing Radiation ( Medical Exposures ) Regulations 2000 Ionizing Radiations Regulations 1999 Raising Operationss and Lifting Equipment Regulations 1998 Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999 Medical Devicess Regulations 2002 ( Amended 2003 ) Pressure Systems Safety Regulations 1999 Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998 Sale and Supply of Goods Act 1994 Trade Descriptions Act 1968 Unfair Contract Footings Act 1977 Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment Regulations

Peter singer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Peter singer - Essay Example Utilitarianism, in the words of utilitarian(2011), states that the authenticity of an action can be termed as positive if â€Å"  "right if it produces as much or more of an increase in happiness of all affected by it than any alternative action, and wrong if it does not". Studies indicate how human beings’ interests should be weighed. Singer advocates strongly that the rights and interests of every individual should be considered just as one would consider his own interests and rights. The philosopher advocates Animal Rights by stating that animals have the right to be decisive of their free will just like humans do and that they should be weighed equally with humans considering that they own the ecosystem just as much as humans do. Singer advocates the killing of certain newborn infants who face genetic abnormalities that are untreatable. This killing, he proposes, should be done only at the discretion of their parents. Euthanasia should be administered to such infants, thus ceasing their life long miseries once and for all. Singer addresses the issue of world poverty by highlighting that a lavish dinner in an expensive restaurant can be put off by the thought that the cost spent at it may be used to feed several poor children who cannot afford even the basic edibles for their survival. The famous works of Peter Singer on animal rights include â€Å"All Animals are Equal†, that came into print in the later part of the 1980s. This is an excerpt from his book â€Å"Animal Rights and Human Behaviors† (1989). It highlights his decades’ old philosophy that speaks of safeguarding animal rights. Singer states that stance of respect of animals should be voiced and maintained. Singer does not emphasize that animals should have rights like humans but puts emphasis on the fact that their rights should also be recognized. He does not mean to say that animals are just like humans or should be treated just like humans. According to him

How is the theme of friendship developed in merchant of Venice Essay

How is the theme of friendship developed in merchant of Venice - Essay Example Friendship between Antonio and Bassanio is both deep and complex. Male friendship is usually formed in the course of life when men share particular experiences, for example, helping each other in difficult situations. In friendship, each person is willing to sacrifice his life to help his friend, and this makes the bonds even stronger. In The Merchant of Venice, the nature of friendship between Antonio and Bassanio is different. Indeed, it is possible to say that it seems to be one-sided with Antonio being a better and more devoted comrade. From the very first scene, the audience gets to know that all Antonio worries about is not his business, which is at stake, but his friend Bassanio. It is even possible to say that Antonio is in love with his friend; perhaps, he is jealous, and this is what causes his melancholy. While critics still argue on the issue of Antonio’s affection to Bassanio, the fact remains that Antonio cares about his friend more than Bassanio cares about him. Bassanio, in his turn, seems to take advantage of such affection. The matter is that he is used to live outside of his means and always relies on Antonio to give him money. As Shakespeare puts it into Bassanio words, â€Å"To you, Antonio, / I owe the most, in money and in love, / And from your love I have a warranty / To unburden all my plots and purposes / How to get clear of all the debts I owe† (I. I. 132-136). Apart from financing all the plans and affairs Bassanio has, Antonio also chooses to support his friend in quite an unusual way so that Bassanio is happy. In particular, despite the fact that all the assets Antonio has are spread out, he does not give up an idea to secure happiness of Bassanio. He goes to his enemy Shylock and agrees â€Å"seal unto this bond†, to give one pound of his flesh if he cannot pay off the debt (I. I. 169). At the same time, Bassanio tries to be a good friend as well. He remembers whom he owes his happiness and